Educational Resources
The Archive
Educational Resources for Using the Archive in Classrooms
- Introduction to Geospatial Archives in DH
- This Archive and Aims
- Methodology, Exercises and Extra Readings
Dalit/Massacres
Educational Resources on Massacres and Dalit Massacres.
- Introduction to Dalit/Massacres.
- Space-Caste-Gender
- Using DH, Digital Maps in Massacre Studies
- Readings
Spatial Humanities
Locating Spatial Humanities within Digital Humanities
- Defining, understanding spatial humanities DH projects
- Spatial Archives, Feminist GIS, Projects and Aims
- Exercises and Readings
Bibliography
Dalit Massacres
Balagopal, K. (1991). “Post-Chundur and Other Chundurs.” Economic and Political Weekly: 2399-2405.
Berg, Dag-Erik. (2020). “The Karamchedu Killings and the Struggle to Uncover Untouchability.” Dynamics of Caste and Law (2020). https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108779616.005.
Bhatia, B. (1997). Massacre on the Banks of the Sone. Economic and Political Weekly, Dec. 20-26, Vol. 32, No. 51 (Dec. 20-26, 1997), pp. 3242-3245.
Dipankar, C. (2023) “Projection of the Atrocities on the Dalits.” Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities, 3:103-105. doi: 10.55544/ijrah.3.2.17.
Dwyer, P. G., and Lyndall R. (2012). The Massacre and History. Theatres of Violence. Berghahn Books.
Dwyer, P. G., and Lyndall R. (2013). Massacre in the Old and New Worlds, C.1780–1820. Journal of Genocide Research, vol. 15, no. 2, 2013, pp. 111–115., https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2013.789179.
Fuchs, S. (2020) ‘Give me the space to live’: trauma, casted land and the search for restitution among the Meghwal survivors of the Dangawas massacre, Contemporary South Asia, 28:3, 392-407, DOI: 10.1080/09584935.2020.1801580.
Hartley R. J. (2007). To Massacre: A Perspective on Demographic Competition.” Anthropological Quarterly, 80 (2007): 237 – 251. https://doi.org/10.1353/ANQ.2007.0008.
Hooper, G., Richards, J., and Watson, J. (2020). “Mapping Colonial Massacres and Frontier Violence in Australia: ‘The Names of Places.’” Cartographica: The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization 55(3): 193–98. https://doi.org/10.3138/cart-2019-0020.
India: Act No. 33 of 1989, Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, 30 January 1990, https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b52a1c.html.
Jaoul, N. (2008). “The ‘Righteous Anger’of the PowerlessInvestigating Dalit Outrage over Caste Violence.” South Asia Multidisciplinary Academic Journal 2.
Mitra, A. (2005). Hyperbole About Massacre. Economic and Political Weekly. Vol. 40, Issue No. 20, 14. https://www.epw.in/journal/2005/20/letters/hyperbole-about-massacre.html.
Muthukkaruppan, P. (2017). Critique of caste violence: Explorations in theory. Social Scientist 45.1/2: 49-71.
Osiel, M. J. (1995). Ever again: Legal remembrance of administrative massacre. University of Pennsylvania Law
Prajapati, A., and Surya, G. (2022). Violence And Atrocities Against Dalits In India: Interrogating Caste System. Towards Excellence 14.1.
Prasad, D., and Bibhar, S. S. (2020). Locating the Atrocities Against Dalits: An Analytical Approach. Contemporary Voice of Dalit, 12(1), 8-18. https://doi.org/10.1177/2455328X19898416
Semelin, J. (2002). From massacre to the genocidal process. International Social Science Journal, 54(174), 433–442. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2451.00397.
Semelin, J. (2003). Toward a vocabulary of massacre and genocide. Journal of Genocide Research, 5(2), 193–210. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623520305660.
Sinha, A., and Sinha, I. (1996). “State, Class and ‘Sena’ Nexus: Bathani Tola Massacre.” Economic and Political Weekly, vol. 31, no. 44, pp. 2908–12. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4404736.
Sushmita. (2014). Politics of Massacres and Resistance. Economic and Political Weekly, 49(2), 41–45. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24479013.
Teltumbde, A. (2010). The Persistence of Caste. India: Navayana Publishing.
Venkatesan. S. (2009). Caste Violence and Dalit Deprivation in India, A Capability Approach, Indian Institute of Dalit Studies, pp. 5-16.
Zelizer, B. (2000). Remembering to Forget Holocaust Memory through the Camera’s Eye. The University of Chicago Press.
The Kilvenmani Massacre (1968)
Texts
Films:
Aravindhan. (1997). Directed by T. Nagarajan, performances by Sarath Kumar, Parthiban, Nagma, Oorvasi, Prakash Raj and Visu, T. Siva.
Asuran. (2019). Directed by Vetrimaaran, performances by Dhanush and Manju Warrier, Kalaipuli S. Thanu.
Kann Sivanthal Mann Sivakkum. (1983). Directed by Sreedhar Rajan, performances Vijaymohan and Poornima Jayaram, R. Venkatraman.
Virumaandi. (2004). Directed, performed and produced by Kamal Haasan.
Fiction:
Kandasamy, M. (2014). The Gypsy Goddess. 4th Estate.
Parthasarathy, I. (1978). The River of Blood. Translated by Ka Naa Subramanyam, Vikas: New Delhi.
Poomani. (2019). Heat. Juggernaut, 23 May.
Non-Fiction:
Ramayyavin Kudisai (The Hut of Ramiah). (2005). Directed by Bharathi Krishnakumar, Documentary.
Sivaraman, M. (2016). Haunted by Fire: Essays on Caste, Class, Exploitation and Emancipation. LeftWord Books, 1 March.
Research:
Ambika, G. (2019). What Do We Know Today About the Keezhvenmani Massacre? Feminism in India. 25 Dec. https://feminisminindia.com/2019/12/27/what-do-we-know-today-about-the-keezhvenmani-massacre/.
“Death of a Mirasdar”. (1980). Economic and Political Weekly, vol. 15, no. 51, pp. 2115–16. JSTOR, https://www.jstor.org/stable/4369342.
Kanagasabai, N. (2014). “The Din of Silence – Reconstructing the Keezhvenmani Dalit Massacre of 1968.” SubVersions, vol. 2, Jan., pp. 105-130.
Kandasamy, M. (2015). “‘No One Killed the Dalits.’” The Milli Gazette — Indian Muslims Leading News Source, 28 Nov., https://www.milligazette.com/news/6-issues/13400-no-one-killed-the-dalits/.
Menon, P. (2017). “Speaking Up: Voices from Agrarian Struggles in Thanjavur”. Review of Agrarian Studies, vol. 7(2), pages 84-90.
Omvedt, G. (1986). “Thanjavur Studies.” Economic and Political Weekly, vol. 21, no. 50, pp. 2173–76. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4376439. Accessed 22 Feb. 2023.
Sharma, N., and Nair, P. (2015). “Kilvenmani to Javkheda: An Antithesis to Ambedkar’s Nation”. Mainstream, VOL LIII , No 38, New Delhi, September 12. http://www.mainstreamweekly.net/article5920.html
Sivaraman, M. (1973). “Gentlemen Killers of Kilvenmani.” Economic and Political Weekly, vol. 8, no. 21, 1973, pp. 926–28. JSTOR, https://www.jstor.org/stable/4362661.
The Marichjhapi Massacre (1978)
TEXTS
Photobook:
Bose, S. S. (2020). Where the Birds Never Sing. Experimenter, Ballugunge Place, August. http://soumyasankarbose.in/where-the-birds-never-sing/
Fiction:
Ghosh, A. (2011). The Hungry Tide. Harpercollins.
Non-fiction:
Byapari, M. and Mukherjee, S. (2018). Interrogating My Chandal Life: An Autobiography of a Dalit. SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd.
Halder, D. (2019). Blood Island. HarperCollins India.
Sen, J. (2015). “Reconstructing Marichjhapi.” Partition: The Long Shadow, edited by Urvashi Butalia. Penguin Books.
Research:
Anowar, T. (2021). “The Identity Crisis of Bengali Dalit Refugees in Manoranjan Byapari’s Autobiography Interrogating My Chandal Life.” Contemporary Voice of Dalit. Published ahead of print 31 October. https://doi.org/10.1177/2455328X211042722.
Bandyopadhyay, S., and Chaudhury, A. B. R. (2017). Partition in Bengal: Re-visiting the Caste Question, 1946–47. Studies in History, 33(2), 234-261. https://doi.org/10.1177/0257643017717897
Bandyopadhyay, S., and Chaudhury, A. B. R. (2022). Caste and Partition in Bengal: The Story of Dalit Refugees, 1946-1961. UK: OUP.
Bose, P. K. (2010). “Refugee, Memory and the State: A Review of Research in Refugee Studies”, Refugee Watch, no. 36, December.
Bose, S. S. (n.d.). Soumya Sankar Bose / Where the Birds never sing. https://soumyasankarbose.in/where-the-birds-never-sing/.
Chakrabarti, P. K. 1990. The Marginal Men: The Refugees and the Left Political Syndrome in West Bengal. Kalyani, India: Lumière Books.
Chatterjee, N. (1992). Midnight’s Unwanted Children: East Bengali Refugees and the Politics of Rehabilitation. Brown University, May. PhD Thesis.
Chowdhury, D. (2011). “Space, Identity, Territory: Marichjhapi Massacre, 1979.” The International Journal of Human Rights, vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 664–682., https://doi.org/10.1080/13642987.2011.569333.
Elahi, K. M. (1981). “Refugees in Dandakaranya.” International Migration Review, vol. 15, no. 1/2, p. 219., https://doi.org/10.2307/2545338.
Jalais, A. (2005a). Dwelling on Morichjhanpi: When Tigers Became “Citizens”, Refugees “Tiger-Food.” Economic and Political Weekly, 40(17), 1757–1762. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4416535.
Jalais, A. (2005b). “‘Massacre’ in Morichjhapi.” Economic and Political Weekly, vol. 40, no. 25, 18-24 June, pp. 2458-2636. JSTOR, https://www.jstor.org/stable/4416755.
Mallick, R. (1999). “Refugee Resettlement in Forest Reserves: West Bengal Policy Reversal and the Marichjhapi Massacre.” The Journal of Asian Studies, vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 104–125., https://doi.org/10.2307/2658391.
Mallick, R. (2024 version). Untouchable Massacre. Unpublished Manuscript. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323969180_AN_UNTOUCHABLE_MASSACRE
Mallik, S. (2022) Time, Memory, and Traumatic Histories: “Where birds never sing”, but images tend to, Archivo Paapers Journal, 2(1), 57-69.
Rajguru, S. (1996). Dandak Theke Marichjhapi [From Dandak to Marichjhapi]. Calcutta: Purna Prakashan.
Sengupta, D. (2011). “From Dandakaranya to Marichjhapi: Rehabilitation, Representation and the Partition of Bengal (1947).” Social Semiotics 21(1): 101–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/10350330 .2011.535673.
Sengupta. D. (2016). The Partition of Bengal: Fragile Borders and New Identities. Cambridge University Press.
Feminist/Geocriticism
TEXTS
Geocriticism: Real and Fictional Spaces. Bertrand Westphal https://link.springer.com/book/10.1057/9780230119161
Geocriticism and Spatial Literary Studies. Book Series. https://link.springer.com/series/15002
Research:
Feminist Geocritical Activism. Amy D. Wells. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781315745978-33/feminist-geocritical-activism-amy-wells
Download Bibliography:
Resources from Web
Texts
Contribute Your Educational Resources
We invite educators, scholars, activists, and community members to contribute teaching materials or educational resources that reflect a commitment to critical thinking, equity, and justice in Dalit Massacre education. Whether you’re designing lesson plans in classrooms, leading workshops in communities, or creating open-access content, your work can help expand what—and how—we teach caste and massacres.
What You Can Submit:
- Teaching guides and lesson plans
- Syllabi or course modules
- Activities, worksheets, or reading lists
- Multimedia resources (videos, podcasts, zines, slide decks)
- Reflections or case studies on teaching practices
Submission guidelines:
- All submissions must be original or properly credited.
- Please include citations or references.
- Indicate the target audience.
- Trauma-informed, inclusive, and anti-oppressive materials
How to Submit:
Send your materials as a PDF, Google Doc, or Word file to [jyothijhr@gmail.com]
Include:
- Your name and/or affiliation (optional if you prefer to remain anonymous)
- A short description of your educational resources (150–200 words)
- Any relevant keywords or tags (e.g. caste, climate justice, gender, South Asia)